CEFR A1 – C2

Grammar Lessons

Master German grammar with structured lessons and exercises — from beginner to mastery.

The German Alphabet The German alphabet has 26 letters, just like English, plus 4 special characters: ä (a-umlaut) - p…

Personal Pronouns (Nominative Case) Personal pronouns replace nouns and refer to people or things.…

The Verb "sein" (to be) sein is the most important verb in German. It's irregular and must be memorized. Conjugation Table…

German Articles - The Gender System Every German noun has a gender: masculine, feminine, or neuter. The definite article changes based on gender.</p…

Conjugating regular German verbsEvery verb in German changes its ending depending on the Personalpronomen (personal pronoun). Take the verb…

The most important verb: seinsein means to be. It is irregular and you must memorise it.<table border='1' cel…

Word order in the main clauseThe German main clause uses the V2-Stellung: the conjugated verb is always in second position<…

The subordinate clauseA Nebensatz adds extra information to the Hauptsatz. It is connected by a conjunction such as weil, dass,…

The 4 cases — overviewGerman has four Kasus: Nominativ, Akkusativ, Dativ, Genitiv. The article, pronoun, noun and adjectiv…

Akkusativ — the direct objectUse the Akkusativ for the direct object — the thing or person directly affected by the verb. Question: <strong…

Dativ — the indirect object / recipientUse the Dativ for the indirect object — usually the recipient of the action. Question: Wem?<…

Genitiv — possession / belongingThe Genitiv expresses Zugehörigkeit — that something belongs to someone or something. In masculine and neut…

kein or nicht?Simple rule:Use kein- to negate a noun with an indefinite article (or no article).Use ni…